Introduction to Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s disease — which causes poor balance and stiff movement — affects an estimated 1 million Americans. That number is expected to rise by 20% in the next few years.
While there’s no sure-fire way to prevent the neurodegenerative disorder, new research has found that a condition that affects millions could increase the chances of developing it.
Understanding the Risk Factor
A study published Monday in JAMA Neurology reports that people with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) face a higher risk of being diagnosed with Parkinson’s.
OSA is where breathing stops and restarts several times during sleep, preventing the body from getting enough oxygen. It’s typically caused by excess weight, large tonsils or large adenoids blocking the airway.
The Study Findings
For the study, researchers in the Pacific Northwest examined the medical records of over 11 million US veterans treated between 1999 and 2022.
They found a substantial link between disrupted breathing caused by OSA and Parkinson’s, even after taking into account factors like obesity, age and high blood pressure.
“It’s not at all a guarantee that you’re going to get Parkinson’s, but it significantly increases the chances,” said study co-author Dr. Gregory Scott, an assistant professor of pathology in the Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine and a pathologist at the Portland VA Health Care System.
The Impact of OSA on Brain Health
Reduced oxygen levels from poor sleep can affect brain health, leading to cognitive impairment and damaged brain cells.
A CPAP machine pumps pressurized air through a hose and mask into the user’s airway.
Those who didn’t treat their OSA with CPAP were nearly twice as likely to have Parkinson’s compared to those who did use a machine at night.
The Solution: CPAP Machine
“If you stop breathing and oxygen is not at a normal level, your neurons are probably not functioning at a normal level either,” said lead study author Dr. Lee Neilson, an assistant professor of neurology at OHSU and a staff neurologist at the Portland VA.
“Add that up night after night, year after year, and it may explain why fixing the problem by using CPAP may build in some resilience against neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson’s.”
Understanding Parkinson’s Disease
The degenerative brain disorder occurs when neurons in the brain that produce dopamine — an important chemical for smooth, controlled movement and balance — weaken and die.
While the exact causes of Parkinson’s are unknown, it is thought to be a combination of factors like genetics, age and environmental exposures.
Previous studies have found that anywhere from 20% to 70% of Parkinson’s patients also struggle with OSA.
Cost and Insurance Coverage
CPAP machines typically cost between $500 and $1,000. Insurance often covers a portion of the cost when prescribed by a doctor after a sleep study.
“The veterans who use their CPAP love it,” Scott said. “They feel better, they’re less tired. Perhaps if others know about this reduction in risk of Parkinson’s disease, it will further convince people with sleep apnea to give CPAP a try.”
Conclusion
In conclusion, while there is no guaranteed way to prevent Parkinson’s disease, treating obstructive sleep apnea with a CPAP machine can significantly reduce the risk. It is essential for individuals with OSA to consult their doctor and consider using a CPAP machine to minimize their chances of developing Parkinson’s.
FAQs
Q: What is Parkinson’s disease?
A: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement, balance, and coordination.
Q: What is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
A: OSA is a condition where breathing stops and restarts during sleep, preventing the body from getting enough oxygen.
Q: How can CPAP machines help reduce the risk of Parkinson’s disease?
A: CPAP machines can help reduce the risk of Parkinson’s disease by treating OSA and ensuring that the body gets enough oxygen during sleep.
Q: How much do CPAP machines cost?
A: CPAP machines typically cost between $500 and $1,000, and insurance often covers a portion of the cost.
Q: Where can I get a CPAP machine?
A: You can get a CPAP machine prescribed by a doctor after a sleep study.
