Losing your sense of smell is nothing to sneeze at — it could be an early sign of dementia.
The Strong Link Between Anosmia and Dementia
Research has long known the correlation between the loss of smell (anosmia) and an increased risk of dementia. Nearly 7 million Americans have been diagnosed with dementia, which gradually destroys memory, thinking skills, and the capacity to perform basic tasks.
Identifying Risk Factors
While genetic variants typically require comprehensive testing to identify Alzheimer’s risk factors, anosmia can be noticeable during daily activities. Experts suggest consulting a doctor if you can’t smell your shampoo, conditioner, or shower gel while bathing.
The Relationship Between Neurodegeneration and Sensory Processing
The process of neurodegeneration that causes dementia can also affect sensation and sensory processing related to smell, making it harder for patients to recognize familiar scents like their favorite shampoo or body wash. This reduced or distorted ability to smell can even precede other symptoms in some cases.
Not Just Alzheimer’s
Research suggests that the loss of smell can be a predictor of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Lewy body dementia, the second most common form of dementia, may also exhibit reduced or distorted ability to smell even before other symptoms appear.
The Impact of Dementia on Smell and Taste
Unfortunately, if the loss of smell and taste is due to a neurodegenerative disorder, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease, it does not come back. In fact, one study determined that older adults who can’t identify scents are three times more likely to die within five years than healthy senior citizens.
Other Potential Causes of Anosmia
Anosmia doesn’t always mean you have dementia. It can be a symptom of a cold, the flu, COVID-19, head trauma, vitamin deficiency, or even normal aging. Experts advise consulting a doctor about any noticeable changes in order to rule out other conditions.
Conclusion
Maintaining a healthy sense of smell is crucial for maintaining cognitive function and overall health. If you experience significant changes in your sense of smell, it is important to consult a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and rule out potential indicators of dementia.
FAQs
Q: Why is anosmia an indicator of dementia?
A: Research suggests that the loss of smell can be a sign of neurodegeneration that affects sensation and sensory processing, making it harder to recognize familiar scents and potentially indicating an increased risk of dementia.
Q: What are some other indicators of dementia?
A: Other risk factors include lower levels of education, hearing loss, high blood pressure, tobacco use, obesity, depression, diabetes, excess alcohol intake, traumatic brain injury, air pollution, social isolation, vision loss, high cholesterol, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Q: Can normal aging cause changes in one’s sense of smell?
A: Yes, changes in one’s sense of smell are a normal part of aging. However, if you experience significant and unexplained changes in your sense of smell, it is important to consult a healthcare professional to rule out underlying conditions.
Q: Will the loss of smell and taste come back?
A: Unfortunately, if the loss of smell and taste is due to a neurodegenerative disorder, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease, it does not come back.
