Introduction to La Nina
La Nina, the cooler and at times costlier flip side of El Nino, has arrived to warp weather worldwide, meteorologists said Thursday. This natural weather phenomenon often turbocharges the Atlantic hurricane season, but this La Nina may be too weak and fleeting to cause much trouble.
By SETH BORENSTEIN, Associated Press Science Writer
Effects of La Nina on Global Weather
In the United States, La Nina often means more precipitation — including possible snowstorms — in northern areas and winter dryness in the South. It can bring heavier rains in Indonesia, the Philippines, parts of Australia, Central America, northern South America and southeastern Africa. It also can mean drought in the Middle East, eastern Argentina, eastern China, Korea and southern Japan, meteorologists said.
La Nina Conditions
A La Nina occurs when certain parts of the Central Pacific Ocean cool by 0.9 degrees Fahrenheit compared to normal. The world had been flirting with one this year and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration declared Thursday that La Nina conditions have formed. But it’s likely to be not very strong and may disappear in the next few months, based on multi-factor computer model forecasts by NOAA and Columbia University, said Michelle L’Heureux, lead scientist on the NOAA team that studies both La Nina and El Nino.
Weak La Nina Event
“There is a three out of four chance it will remain a weak event,” L’Heureux said in an email. “A weaker event tends to exert less of an influence on the global circulation, so it’s possible there will be surprises ahead.” Surprising already describes the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season, which was forecast to be stronger than normal, but so far is a tad below average in activity.
Impact on Atlantic Hurricane Season
Traditionally, during a La Nina, there’s a weakening of the wind shear that hampers hurricane formation and strengthening, allowing more and bigger storms, especially later in the year, such as late October and into early November and in the Caribbean, said University of Albany hurricane expert Brian Tang. But Brian McNoldy, who studies tropical cyclones, sea level rise and extreme heat at the University of Miami, said he thinks this La Nina is too late and too little to do much.
Current Hurricane Activity
The conditions, especially wind shear, favor more hurricane activity, yet it’s not happening and long-range computer models don’t show much forming for the next couple weeks, said Colorado State University hurricane expert Phil Klotzbach. Winter a year ago had a similar weak La Nina but there were still some signs of its impact, L’Heureux said.
FILE – People clear a sidewalk during a winter snowstorm in Philadelphia, Feb. 13, 2024. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke, File)
Economic Impact of La Nina
Some studies have shown that in the United States, La Nina can be more costly than its warmer El Nino cousin. A 1999 economic study found that drought from La Nina cost U.S. agriculture between $2.2 billion to $6.5 billion, which is far more than the $1.5 billion cost of El Nino. A cold La Nina is not always the more expensive version, but it is often the case, said research scientist Azhar Ehsan, who heads Columbia University’s El Nino/La Nina forecasting.
Conclusion
La Nina has arrived, but its weak and fleeting nature may not have a significant impact on the Atlantic hurricane season. Although it can bring more precipitation to some areas and drought to others, its effects may be limited due to its weakness. As the weather phenomenon continues to evolve, it is essential to monitor its progress and potential impacts on global weather patterns.
FAQs
Q: What is La Nina?
A: La Nina is a natural weather phenomenon characterized by cooler-than-normal ocean temperatures in the Central Pacific, which can impact global weather patterns.
Q: How does La Nina affect the Atlantic hurricane season?
A: La Nina can weaken wind shear, allowing for more hurricane formation and strengthening, but this year’s weak La Nina may not have a significant impact.
Q: What are the economic impacts of La Nina?
A: La Nina can be more costly than El Nino, with droughts and other weather-related events potentially costing billions of dollars in damages.
Q: How long will La Nina last?
A: According to NOAA and Columbia University forecasts, this La Nina may disappear in the next few months, but its exact duration is uncertain.
Q: What areas are most affected by La Nina?
A: La Nina can bring more precipitation to areas such as Indonesia, the Philippines, and parts of Australia, while causing drought in regions like the Middle East and eastern Argentina.
