Introduction to UTIs and E. coli
There’s been a long-standing belief that urinary tract infections are largely caused by poor personal hygiene. New research, however, suggests that many cases may actually be caused by infections of E. coli bacteria from contaminated meat purchased in grocery stores. UTIs are common — globally there are 400 million cases a year — and can occur when bacteria enter the urethra and infect the urinary tract, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Understanding E. coli and UTIs
Though public health agencies including the CDC have made clear that E. coli can cause UTIs, the information they provide is often vague. Usually, when E. coli comes up on agency websites, it’s in the context of the strains that cause diarrhea. A new study published on Thursday in the science journal American Society for Microbiology puts the spotlight on the strains of E. coli that cause UTIs.
The Study on E. coli and UTIs
Between 2017 and 2021, researchers from George Washington University and Kaiser Permanente Southern California collected more than 5,700 urine samples that tested positive for E. coli from U.S. patients with UTIs who resided in Southern California, from Bakersfield to San Diego. The researchers also took samples from meats (including turkey, chicken, pork and beef) being sold at retail locations in the neighborhoods where those patients lived. By comparing the those two sets of samples, the researchers determined that approximately one in five of those infections could be tied to exposure to E. coli from contaminated meat that was purchased in the U.S.
Impact of Contaminated Meat on UTIs
“Urinary tract infections have long been considered a personal health issue, but our findings suggest that they are also a food safety problem,” said Lance Price, senior author of the study and professor of environmental and occupational health at George Washington University. Among the meat samples, E. coli contamination was highest in chicken (found in 38% of samples collected) and turkey (36%), followed by beef (14%) and pork (12%).
Demographic Disparities in UTIs
According to the study, food-borne UTIs disproportionately affect women, as well as people living in lower-income areas. Women are much more prone to the infection in general because of their anatomy. Women have a shorter urethra — the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body — and the short distance makes it easier for bacteria to travel up the urethra and into the bladder. It’s unclear, however, why food-borne UTIs would affect women more than men.
Factors Contributing to E. coli Contamination
It’s also uncertain why there is such a strong correlation between food-borne UTIs and people who live in high poverty areas. However, the study did find that E. coli contamination was more common in “value packs” of meat; i.e. products that contain larger quantities of meat sold at a lower price per pound. The study also suggested that factors including storage at improper temperatures, lack of proper safety and hygiene practices during handling, and production in unsanitary conditions could all have contributed to E. coli contamination.
Preventing E. coli Contamination
Price said he and his team sometimes saw packages of chicken that were “bloated with saline.” The extra water could have been the culprit of the E. coli contamination if it leaked onto check-out conveyor belts and contaminated other grocery items. While Price believes that our food supply chain could do more to lower the risk of food-borne UTIs, consumers can practice safe handling of foods to lower their risk of exposure. That includes:
- Purchasing meat and poultry that is securely sealed to prevent leakage onto other groceries.
- Thoroughly cooking all meat and poultry products. A complete list of recommended temperatures for whole cuts of beef, ground meats and poultry can be found on the CDC website.
- Avoiding cross-contamination in the kitchen.
- Washing hands and kitchen surfaces after preparing raw meat.
Conclusion
The study highlights the importance of considering food safety as a factor in UTIs, particularly for women and individuals living in lower-income areas. By understanding the sources of E. coli contamination and taking steps to prevent it, consumers can reduce their risk of developing UTIs.
FAQs
Q: What is the main cause of UTIs according to new research?
A: New research suggests that many cases of UTIs may be caused by infections of E. coli bacteria from contaminated meat purchased in grocery stores.
Q: Which types of meat are most commonly contaminated with E. coli?
A: According to the study, E. coli contamination was highest in chicken (38%) and turkey (36%), followed by beef (14%) and pork (12%).
Q: How can consumers reduce their risk of developing UTIs from contaminated meat?
A: Consumers can practice safe handling of foods, including purchasing securely sealed meat and poultry, thoroughly cooking meat and poultry products, avoiding cross-contamination, and washing hands and kitchen surfaces after preparing raw meat.
Q: Are certain demographics more affected by food-borne UTIs?
A: Yes, according to the study, food-borne UTIs disproportionately affect women and individuals living in lower-income areas.
