Understood Breast Density: What You Need to Know
Are Dense Breasts Bad?
No, dense breasts are not bad. In fact, they’re quite normal. About 40% of women ages 40 and older have dense breasts. Women of all shapes and sizes can have dense breasts. It has nothing to do with breast firmness. And it only matters in the world of breast cancer screening, said Dr. Ethan Cohen of MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston.
How is Breast Density Determined?
Doctors who review mammograms have a system for classifying breast density. There are four categories. The least dense category means the breasts are almost all fatty tissue. The most dense category means the breasts are mostly glandular and fibrous tissue. Breasts are considered dense in two of the four categories: "heterogeneously dense" or "extremely dense." The other two categories are considered not dense. Dr. Brian Dontchos of the Seattle-based Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center said the classification can vary depending on the doctor reading the mammogram "because it’s somewhat subjective."
Why Am I Being Told I Have Dense Breasts?
Two reasons: For one, dense breasts make it more difficult to see cancer on an X-ray image, which is what a mammogram is. "The dense tissue looks white on a mammogram and cancer also looks white on a mammogram," said Dr. Wendie Berg of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and chief scientific adviser to DenseBreast-info.org. "It’s like trying to see a snowball in a blizzard." Second, women with dense breast tissue are at a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer because cancers are more likely to arise in glandular and fibrous tissue.
What Am I Supposed to Do?
If you find out you have dense breasts, talk to your doctor about your family history of breast cancer and whether you should have additional screening with ultrasound or MRI, said Dr. Georgia Spear of Endeavor Health/NorthShore University Health System in the Chicago area.
Do I Still Need a Mammogram?
Yes, women with dense breasts should get regular mammograms, which is still the gold standard for finding cancer early. Age 40 is when mammograms should start for women, transgender men, and nonbinary people at average risk.
Will Insurance Cover Additional Screening?
For now, that depends on your insurance, although a bill has been introduced in Congress to require insurers to cover additional screening for women with dense breasts. Additional screening can be expensive — from $250 to $1,000 out of pocket, so that’s a barrier for many women.
Conclusion
Every woman should have equal opportunity to have their cancer found early when it’s easily treated. That’s the bottom line. While having dense breasts may require additional screening, it’s essential for finding breast cancer early.
FAQs
Q: What is breast density?
A: Breast density is a measure of the amount of glandular and fibrous tissue in the breasts, which can make it harder to detect cancer on a mammogram.
Q: Why is breast density important?
A: Breast density is important because it can affect the accuracy of mammograms and increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
Q: What should I do if I have dense breasts?
A: Talk to your doctor about your family history of breast cancer and whether you should have additional screening with ultrasound or MRI.
Q: Is a mammogram still necessary if I have dense breasts?
A: Yes, women with dense breasts should get regular mammograms, which is still the gold standard for finding cancer early.
Q: Will insurance cover additional screening if I have dense breasts?
A: For now, that depends on your insurance, although a bill has been introduced in Congress to require insurers to cover additional screening for women with dense breasts.
