Introduction to School Closures
The issue of school closures is a pressing concern for many communities across the United States. Thomasina Clarke, a resident of a once thriving St. Louis neighborhood, has witnessed the closure of several schools in her area. The neighborhood, which was hit by a tornado this spring, has seen a significant decline in population over the years. Clarke fears that a new round of closure discussions could lead to the loss of a storm-damaged high school, which has a rich history and notable alumni, including Tina Turner and Chuck Berry.
The Reality of School Closures
St. Louis Public Schools is among the many districts nationwide that are struggling to cope with shrinking budgets, a falling birthrate, and a growing school choice movement. A district-commissioned report found that the school system has more than twice the number of schools it needs. This has led to a situation where many schools are operating at half capacity, making it financially unsustainable to keep them open. However, research has shown that school closures can have a negative impact on students, leading to decreased academic performance and increased behavioral problems.
The Impact of School Closures on Students
The closure of schools can have a devastating impact on students, particularly those from low-income backgrounds. When schools are closed, students are often forced to attend new schools, which can be located in different neighborhoods or even different school districts. This can lead to a disruption in their academic and social lives, making it difficult for them to adjust to their new surroundings. For example, in Chicago, the closure of around 50 schools in 2013 led to an increase in fighting and bullying, as well as a decline in academic performance.
The Decline of Public School Enrollment
Public school enrollment has been declining over the years, with many schools experiencing a significant drop in student numbers. According to a report by the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, nearly 1 in 12 public schools experienced a decline in enrollment of 20% or more between 2019 and 2023. This decline is attributed to a range of factors, including changing demographics, the shift to private education or homeschooling, and the decision of some immigrant families to leave the country.
The Case of St. Louis Public Schools
St. Louis Public Schools is facing a significant challenge in terms of declining enrollment and budget constraints. The district’s student population has plummeted from 115,543 in 1967 to 18,122 last year, reflecting an exodus of families to the suburbs. The recent tornado damage has further exacerbated the situation, with several schools, including Sumner High School, remaining closed. The district is considering closure discussions, which has sparked concerns among the community, particularly the teachers union, which has issued a no-confidence vote against the superintendent.
The Importance of Community Schools
Community schools like Sumner High School play a vital role in the lives of their students and the wider community. They provide a sense of identity and belonging, as well as access to educational and extracurricular opportunities. The closure of such schools can have a profound impact on the community, leading to a loss of hope and a sense of disinvestment. As Ray Cummings, president of the American Federation of Teachers St. Louis Local 420, noted, "Those neighborhoods need hope."
Success Stories
Despite the challenges facing many schools, there are success stories that highlight the importance of community schools. For example, Sumner High School, which was considered for closure four years ago, was saved through the efforts of a coalition of community groups and educators. The school expanded its arts curriculum, which led to an increase in enrollment and a sense of renewed purpose. Students like Dakota Scott, who struggled in other schools, found a sense of belonging and purpose at Sumner, which helped her to get back on track academically.
Conclusion
The issue of school closures is a complex and multifaceted one, with no easy solutions. While budget constraints and declining enrollment are significant challenges, it is essential to consider the impact of school closures on students, families, and communities. Community schools like Sumner High School play a vital role in providing educational and extracurricular opportunities, as well as a sense of identity and belonging. As Thomasina Clarke noted, "People left, the community land, businesses left. Schools left. Productivity left. Nothing but a lot of decay left… And we’re trying to bring it back." It is crucial to find ways to support and invest in community schools, rather than closing them, to ensure that all students have access to quality education and opportunities for success.
