West Nile Virus: What You Need to Know
Introduction to West Nile Virus
Tarrant County health officials on Monday announced the county’s first West Nile virus case of the year.
The patient was diagnosed with West Nile fever, according to the announcement, but not with the neuroinvasive and sometimes-fatal complications of the illness.
The Tarrant County announcement follows on the heels of the state’s first announced case of the year, in Brazos County.
West Nile virus has also been identified in mosquitoes in Dallas. Dallas County has not reported any human cases of the virus yet this year, spokesperson Edrea Au said on Monday.
Understanding West Nile Virus
West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne illness that was introduced to the U.S. in 1999. Over the past decade, according to data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there have typically been a couple thousand reported cases in the U.S. each year.
About 80% of people who catch the virus will not experience symptoms. The remaining 20% will feel fever, fatigue and nausea, among other ailments. Fewer than 1% of those infected will develop more severe symptoms, which can be fatal.
Last year, Texas reported a provisional total of 455 West Nile cases and 56 deaths, according to state health officials. Dallas County in 2024 reported 37 cases and three deaths, according to the county’s website.
How West Nile Virus Spreads
The virus spreads through mosquitoes that bite humans after picking up the virus from infected birds.
There have been rare cases of West Nile virus spreading through blood transfusions, organ transplants and breastfeeding, according to the World Health Organization. However, there have been no reported cases of human-to-human spread through “casual contact.”
Prevention and Protection
There is no vaccine against West Nile virus. Health officials instead encourage people to protect themselves against mosquito bites by wearing long sleeves and pants, applying insect repellent and clearing standing water from their yards and outdoor spaces.
Texas health officials are encouraging residents to take precautions against mosquito bites throughout the summer and fall months, as mosquitoes can remain active in the state into November and December.
Stay Informed
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Conclusion
West Nile virus is a serious illness that can have severe consequences. By understanding how the virus spreads and taking precautions to protect themselves, individuals can reduce their risk of infection. It is essential to stay informed and take necessary measures to prevent the spread of West Nile virus.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is West Nile virus?
A: West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne illness that was introduced to the U.S. in 1999.
Q: How does West Nile virus spread?
A: The virus spreads through mosquitoes that bite humans after picking up the virus from infected birds.
Q: What are the symptoms of West Nile virus?
A: About 80% of people who catch the virus will not experience symptoms. The remaining 20% will feel fever, fatigue and nausea, among other ailments. Fewer than 1% of those infected will develop more severe symptoms, which can be fatal.
Q: Is there a vaccine against West Nile virus?
A: No, there is no vaccine against West Nile virus. Health officials instead encourage people to protect themselves against mosquito bites by wearing long sleeves and pants, applying insect repellent and clearing standing water from their yards and outdoor spaces.
Q: How can I protect myself from West Nile virus?
A: You can protect yourself from West Nile virus by wearing long sleeves and pants, applying insect repellent, and clearing standing water from your yards and outdoor spaces. It is also essential to take precautions against mosquito bites throughout the summer and fall months.
