West Nile Virus: What You Need to Know
First Human Case of the Year Reported in Texas
Texas health officials on Thursday reported the state’s first human case of West Nile illness so far this year.
A resident of Brazos County was diagnosed with West Nile fever, according to a news release from the Department of State Health Services. Brazos County is about 100 miles northwest of Houston and includes the city of College Station.
Mosquitoes in Dallas also have tested positive for the virus, according to city officials. City officials plan to mosquito control spray in several areas on July 7 and 8.
What is West Nile Virus?
West Nile Virus was first reported in the U.S. in 1999. The virus spreads through mosquito bites, although most people who catch it won’t experience symptoms. About 20% of those infected will develop symptoms such as fever. Less than 1% of those infected will develop a more severe and sometimes fatal illness.
Previous Outbreaks
Last year, Texas reported a provisional total of 455 West Nile cases and 56 deaths, according to state health officials. In 2024, health officials also announced the first case of the year, near the beginning of summer.
Prevention is Key
There’s no human vaccine to prevent West Nile virus, which means the best option is to prevent mosquito bites in the first place.
Residents can reduce their chances of getting bitten by wearing long sleeves and pants, using insect repellant, and removing or regularly replacing any standing water outside. State health officials noted mosquitoes remain active in parts of Texas into November and December.
How the Virus Spreads
Mosquitos pick up West Nile virus by feeding on infected birds, according the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The mosquitos then pass the virus on to humans by biting them.
Humans typically do not spread the virus to one another, or back to other mosquitoes that may bite them, according to the CDC. However, it is possible for the virus to spread from person to person through blood transfusions and organ transplants or through childbirth.
Impact on Bird Species
The virus poses a larger threat to some bird species, however.
Corvids, such as crows and jays, are particularly susceptible to the virus. Research shows the virus kills millions of birds across North America each year.
Conclusion
West Nile virus is a serious disease that can have severe consequences for humans and birds. By understanding how the virus spreads and taking steps to prevent mosquito bites, residents can reduce their risk of infection. It is essential to stay informed and take proactive measures to protect yourself and your community from the West Nile virus.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What are the symptoms of West Nile virus?
A: Most people who catch West Nile virus won’t experience symptoms. About 20% of those infected will develop symptoms such as fever. Less than 1% of those infected will develop a more severe and sometimes fatal illness.
Q: How can I prevent mosquito bites?
A: Residents can reduce their chances of getting bitten by wearing long sleeves and pants, using insect repellant, and removing or regularly replacing any standing water outside.
Q: Can West Nile virus be spread from person to person?
A: Humans typically do not spread the virus to one another, or back to other mosquitoes that may bite them, according to the CDC. However, it is possible for the virus to spread from person to person through blood transfusions and organ transplants or through childbirth.
Q: What can I do to protect myself from West Nile virus?
A: By understanding how the virus spreads and taking steps to prevent mosquito bites, residents can reduce their risk of infection. Stay informed and take proactive measures to protect yourself and your community from the West Nile virus.
