Bird Flu Found in Pig at Oregon Farm, First Known US Case

USDA Announces First Detection of H5N1 Bird Flu in a Pig

A pig at an Oregon farm was found to have bird flu, the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced Wednesday. It’s the first time the virus has been detected in U.S. swine and raises concerns about bird flu’s potential to become a human threat.

Risk of Human infection

The infection happened at a backyard farm in Crook County, in the center of the state, where different animals share water and are housed together. Last week, poultry at the farm were found to have the virus, and testing this week found that one of the farm’s five pigs had become infected.

Quarantine and Euthanasia of Pigs

The farm was put under quarantine and all five pigs were euthanized so additional testing could be done. It’s not a commercial farm, and U.S. agriculture officials said there is no concern about the safety of the nation’s pork supply.

Experts’ Concerns

But finding bird flu in a pig raises worries that the virus may be hitting a stepping stone to becoming a bigger threat to people, said Jennifer Nuzzo, a Brown University pandemic researcher.

Pigs can be infected with multiple types of flu, and the animals can play a role in making bird viruses better adapted to humans, she explained. The 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic had swine origins, Nuzzo noted.

Fighting the Spread of the Virus

“If we’re trying to stay ahead of this virus and prevent it from becoming a threat to the broader public, knowing if it’s in pigs is crucial,” Nuzzo said.

No Mutations Indicating Increased Spread

The USDA has conducted genetic tests on the farm’s poultry and has not seen any mutations that suggest the virus is gaining an increased ability to spread to people. That indicates the current risk to the public remains low, officials said.

International Context

A different strain of the bird flu virus has been reported in pigs outside the U.S. in the past, and it did not trigger a human pandemic.

“It isn’t a one-to-one relationship, where pigs get infected with viruses and they make pandemics,” said Troy Sutton, a Penn State researcher who studies flu viruses in animals.

Bird Flu’s Persistence

This version of bird flu — known as Type A H5N1 — has been spreading widely in the U.S. among wild birds, poultry, cows, and a number of other animals. Its persistence increases the chances that people will be exposed and potentially catch it, officials say.

Expert’s Take

It isn’t necessarily surprising that a pig infection was detected, given that so many other animals have had the virus, experts said.

The Oregon pig infection “is noteworthy, but does it change the calculation of the threat level? No it doesn’t,” Sutton said. If the virus starts spreading more widely among pigs and if there are ensuing human infections, “then we’re going to be more concerned.”

Human Cases

So far this year, 36 human cases have been reported — 16 in California, 10 in Colorado, six in Washington, two in Michigan, one in Texas, and one in Missouri. Symptoms have been mostly mild, including eye redness, and all but one have been tied to contact with infected animals.

Conclusion

The detection of bird flu in a pig at an Oregon farm serves as a reminder of the importance of monitoring the virus and taking measures to prevent its spread. As experts continue to study the virus, it is crucial to remain vigilant and proactive in addressing the potential threat it poses to human health.

FAQs

* What is the bird flu virus?
The bird flu virus is a strain of the influenza virus that affects birds, but can also be transmitted to humans.
* How many human cases have been reported?
36 human cases have been reported this year, with 16 in California, 10 in Colorado, six in Washington, two in Michigan, one in Texas, and one in Missouri.
* What are the symptoms of bird flu?
The symptoms of bird flu have been mostly mild, including eye redness, and all but one have been tied to contact with infected animals.
* Is there a risk of human-to-human transmission?
The risk of human-to-human transmission is currently low, according to the USDA.
* What measures are being taken to prevent the spread of the virus?
The farm where the pig was found was put under quarantine, and all five pigs were euthanized to prevent further spread of the virus.